The Influence of Principal Transformational Leadership on Teacher Performance

Zain Nizam (1), Rashid Rahman (2), Sun Wei (3)
(1) Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia,
(2) Universiti Putra, Malaysia,
(3) Beijing Institute of Technology, China

Abstract

Background. Service learning has gained recognition as a valuable pedagogical approach in higher education, aiming to bridge the gap between academic theory and real-world practice. In the context of educational institutions, the role of leadership, particularly transformational leadership, plays a significant role in shaping the effectiveness of such programs.


Purpose. This research explores the influence of principal transformational leadership on teacher performance within the framework of service learning in higher education institutions.


Method. The study aims to assess how transformational leadership behaviors of school principals impact the engagement and performance of teachers involved in service learning programs. Using a quantitative research design, this study surveyed 150 teachers across several higher education institutions that implement service learning programs. Data were collected through questionnaires that assessed principals’ leadership styles and teachers’ performance in service learning contexts.


Results. The results indicate that transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on teacher performance, particularly in areas related to motivation, professional development, and commitment to service learning objectives. Teachers reported higher levels of engagement and effectiveness when their principals exhibited transformational leadership behaviors, such as inspirational motivation, individualized consideration, and intellectual stimulation.


Conclusion. This study concludes that principals who embrace transformational leadership can significantly enhance teacher performance, thereby strengthening the impact of service learning programs.


 

Full text article

Generated from XML file

References

Ahmad, R., Mohamed, A. M., Majid, W. N. W. A., Ghani, L. A., & Damin, Z. A. (2023). The Impact of Team Conflict, Leadership and Job Demands on Employees Work Stress: Empirical Evidence from Public Organization. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 18(7), 2003–2014. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.180702

Akter, R., Rathnayaka, S., & Ahmadi, Z. (2023). The effect of leadership and organisational culture on organisational innovation. International Journal of Services, Technology and Management, 28(5–6), 360–388. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSTM.2023.135084

Bishop, C. T., Esaki, N., & Taub, M. E. (2023). Learning to Be a Leader Worth Following. Human Service Organizations Management, Leadership and Governance, 47(5), 422–433. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/23303131.2023.2228853

Bomm, E., De Montreuil Carmona, L. J., & Gomes, G. (2023). Unravelling t-KIBS performance: Leadership, organisational culture, and learning as boosters of service innovation. Knowledge Management Research and Practice, 21(5), 994–1007. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/14778238.2022.2096510

Castaneda, D. I., & Ramírez, C. A. (2023). Innovational Leadership and Knowledge Sharing: The Mediator Role of Self-efficacy. Dalam Matos F. & Rosa A. (Ed.), Proc. Eur. Conf. Knowl. Manage., ECKM (Vol. 1, hlm. 191–198). Academic Conferences and Publishing International Limited; Scopus. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85177870808&partnerID=40&md5=b02c0f4f70f70996768871736369a171

Cleary, B., Linds, W., Carnevale, F. A., Thorstad, K., Rauch, F., & Tsimicalis, A. (2024). The School of No Fun and No Play: Learning How to Create Supportive Environments from Children with Osteogenesis Imperfecta. Journal of Disability Studies in Education, 122(3). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1163/25888803-bja10027

Dalgarno, M., Halpin, K., Connell, L., Johnston, B., & Cooper, M. (2025). The impact of the district nurse advanced nurse practitioner role on the transformation of district nursing. British Journal of Community Nursing, 30(2), 76–82. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2024.0017

Even, U., & BenDavid-Hadar, I. (2025). Teachers’ perceptions of their school principal’s leadership style and improvement in their students’ performance in specialized schools for students with conduct disorders. Management in Education, 39(1), 5–18. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1177/08920206211054654

Green, P. M., Eddins, E. A., Berkey, B., & Meixner, C. (2023). EXPLORING THE BORDERLANDS THROUGH COLLABORATIVE INQUIRY: A Narrative Introduction. Reconceptualizing Faculty Development in Service-Learning/Community Engagement: Exploring Intersections, Frameworks, and Models of Practice, 1–23. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003446699-1

Grob, R., Lee, Y. S. H., Shaller, D., Warne, E., Matta, S., Schlesinger, M., & Nembhard, I. M. (2024). “nothing Is More Powerful than Words:” How Patient Experience Narratives Enable Improvement. Quality Management in Health Care, 33(3), 149–159. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1097/QMH.0000000000000477

Haunstrup, J. S., & Jensen, U. T. (2024). Leadership training and just-in-time nudges: A field experiment on the transfer of learning into action. International Public Management Journal, 27(5), 684–708. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/10967494.2024.2314055

Hensmans, M., Ballesteros-Sola, M., & Axelrod, D. (2023). Direct relief: A tradition of public service efficiency in global humanitarianism. CASE Journal, 19(3), 348–380. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/TCJ-06-2021-0084

Joseph, S. (2023). Transforming leaders to agents of change: Evaluating a healthcare leadership training programme. British Journal of Health Care Management, 29(12). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjhc.2022.0090

Kement, Ü., Zeybek, B., Soylu, S., Erkol Bayram, G., & Raza, A. (2024). The effect of transformational leadership on restaurant employees on trust, altruistic intention and organizational commitment: The moderation effect of surface acting. European Business Review, 36(5), 613–638. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-05-2023-0169

Kopalle, P. K., Lehmann, D. R., Ramachandran, D., & Wetzels, R. (2025). Journal of Business Research Publications 1973–2024: Topics, methodological approaches, data, and analyses conducted. Journal of Business Research, 194. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2025.115360

Le, T. M. H., Nguyen, V. K. L., Nguyen, T. S., & Vo, N. H. (2023). Factors affecting learner’s satisfaction towards online learning during COVID-19 pandemic: A case study of Vietnam. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 12(1), 274–283. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v12i1.23539

Li, Y., Li, S., Yang, K., Liu, Y., Chen, L., Chen, J., Wen, X., Ji, T., Chen, K., Wu, L., Ji, X., & Lu, J. (2023). Transformational leadership competency: A cross-sectional study of medical university graduates in China. Annals of Medicine, 55(2). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2023.2288307

Loughhead, M., Hodges, E., McIntyre, H., Procter, N., Barbara, A., Bickley, B., Martinez, L., Albrecht, L., & Huber, L. (2024). Pathways for Strengthening Lived Experience Leadership for Transformative Systems Change: Reflections on Research and Collective Change Strategies. Health Expectations, 27(5). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.70048

Loughhead, M., Hodges, E., McIntyre, H., Procter, N. G., Barbara, A., Bickley, B., Harris, G., Huber, L., & Martinez, L. (2023). A model of lived experience leadership for transformative systems change: Activating Lived Experience Leadership (ALEL) project. Leadership in Health Services, 36(1), 9–23. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHS-04-2022-0045

Luh, D.-L., Huang, H.-L., Chiou, S.-Y., Lo, K.-Y., & Chen, F.-L. (2025). The Association between Organizational Factors of Health Promoting Schools and Teachers’ Health Lifestyles: A Multilevel Analysis. Journal of School Health, 95(2), 126–133. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.13523

Nugraha, S. N., Pebrianto, R., Utami, D. Y., & Nurfalah, R. (2023). The role of transformational leadership as a mediating variable in delone and mclean information system model (Case study: Online learning usage Universities in Indonesia). Dalam Junaidi A., Haryani null, Baidawi T., Agustiani S., Hastuti D.P., Dalis S., & Arifin Y.T. (Ed.), AIP Conf. Proc. (Vol. 2714). American Institute of Physics Inc.; Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0133127

Ocampo Pacheco, M., Bernedo-Moreira, D. H., Almirón Cuentas, J. A., Portilla-Linares, M. M., Valdez-Portilla, J., & Gonzales Lopez, J. N. (2023). Academic Leadership and Learning Achievement of Health Professional Trainees. Health Leadership and Quality of Life, 2. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.56294/hl2023256

Owusu-Agyeman, Y. (2023). THE COVID-19 CRISES AND THE FUTURE OF ACADEMIC LEADERSHIP IN TRANSNATIONAL HIGHER EDUCATION: THE CASE OF GHANA. Dalam Int. Perspect. Educ. Soc. (Vol. 44, hlm. 41–60). Emerald Publishing; Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1479-367920230000044003

Özgül, B., & Zehir, C. (2023). Top management’s green transformational leadership and competitive advantage: The mediating role of green organizational learning capability. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 38(10), 2047–2060. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-01-2022-0043

Pokhrel, M., Lamsal, D., Indrasena, B. S. H., Aylott, J., & Wrazen, R. (2024). Challenges and barriers to implementing the WHO Trauma Care Checklist in an emergency department in Nepal: The need for Transformational Leadership. Leadership in Health Services, 37(1), 69–94. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHS-10-2022-0107

Rajagopal, A. (2024). Bricolage practices in developing applied educational tools: A comparative study of value-based entrepreneurship across emerging markets. International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management, 43(2), 251–275. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPQM.2024.141893

Rumangkit, S., Setiadi, N. J., Gautama, I., & Bandur, A. (2025). Decoding leadership in tourism and hospitality: A bibliometric insight from 2010 to 2024. Multidisciplinary Reviews, 8(3). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.31893/multirev.2025076

Sailin, S. N., & Zain, F. M. (2023). Investigating Students’ Use of the Moodle Platform: A Pilot Study Testing. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, 23(14), 13–28. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.33423/jhetp.v23i14.6378

Schmalenbach, C., Monterrosa, H., & Cabrera Larín, A. R. (2023). “We All Keep Growing and Learning”: Facilitating Meaningful Educational Experiences through Peer-Assisted Learning across Different Educational Levels in El Salvador. Dalam Contemporary Global Perspectives on Cooperative Learning: Applications Across Educational Contexts (hlm. 56–68). Taylor and Francis; Scopus. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003268192-6

Semenyshyn, M., & Semenova, A. (2023). Quality parameters of higher education officers of the National Police in the conditions of imperative human-scale values. Dalam Quality parameters of higher educ. Officers of the Nat. Police in the conditions of imper. Human-scale values (hlm. 213). PC TECHNOLOGY CENTER; Scopus. https://doi.org/10.15587/978-617-7319-67-1

Soelton, M., Noermijati, N., Rohman, F., & Mugiono, M. (2023). To improve the quality management of children welfare institutions and provide better services. Quality - Access to Success, 24(195), 295–302. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/24.195.35

Tan, A. B. C., van Dun, D. H., & Wilderom, C. P. M. (2023). Lean innovation training and transformational leadership for employee creative role identity and innovative work behavior in a public service organization. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 15(8), 1–31. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLSS-06-2022-0126

Van Hoa Tran, T., Van Hoa Hoang, V. H., & Hoang, V. H. (2024). Impact of Transformational Leadership on the Innovative Performance of Vietnamese SMEs-Moderating Role of Industry 4.0 Base Technology. Dalam Knowl. Transformation and Innovation in Global Society: Perspective in a Changing Asia (hlm. 33–55). Springer Nature; Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7301-9_3

Wark, A., & Gredecki, N. (2023). Proposal of a service delivery model for supported living community forensic services. Leadership in Health Services, 36(1), 97–110. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHS-03-2022-0031

White, S., Barnes, T., Drevo, S., Brower, C., McVey, K. M., & Brancu, M. (2023). MEASURING EXECUTIVE LEADERSHIP TEAMING DYNAMICS FOR LEADING LEARNING ORGANIZATIONS. Consulting Psychology Journal, 76(1), 93–111. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1037/cpb0000254

Authors

Zain Nizam
zainnizam@gmail.com (Primary Contact)
Rashid Rahman
Sun Wei
Nizam, Z., Rahman, R., & Wei, S. (2025). The Influence of Principal Transformational Leadership on Teacher Performance. International Journal of Educational Narratives, 3(2), 163–174. https://doi.org/10.70177/ijen.v3i2.2154

Article Details

The Influence of Principal Transformational Leadership on Teacher Performance

Rita Prima Bendriyanti, Citra Dewi, Suwarni Suwarni
Abstract View : 97
Download :103

Flipped Classroom Models: Revolutionizing Learning in Higher Education

Aceng Haetami, Abena Boateng, Ricardo Martinez
Abstract View : 333
Download :87

Strategy for Implementing Artificial Intelligence in the Lecturer Performance Evaluation System in Higher Education

Roosita Cindrakasih, Jahara Jahara, Ita Soegiarto, Hadiansyah Ma’sum, Asmuri Asmuri
Abstract View : 370
Download :198

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence System in Higher Education Curriculum Management

Anri Naldi, Nurkadri Nurkadri, Mansyur Srisudarso, Didik Cahyono, Suyitno Suyitno
Abstract View : 294
Download :218